Claviceps purpurea is primarily known for its production of ergot alkaloids, which have severe effects on the nervous system and smooth muscles. These alkaloids, comprising 0.5%–2% of the total sclerotium weight, target the central and peripheral nervous systems of invertebrate and vertebrate animals, leading to toxicoses and behavioural changes which reduce herbivory and thus enhance protection of the ergot sclerotia. The sclerotia are resting- and overwintering structures containing a wide variety of alkaloids ( Figure S1). The infection is located to the ovaries of the host plant, resulting in a sclerotium (called an ergot) that replaces the seed grain. The ergot fungus Claviceps purpurea is a phytopathogenic ascomycete that parasitizes more than 400 species in the grass family (Poaceae) including wild and cultivated pasture- and forage grasses and common cereals. purpurea complex, but challenges some species characteristics including host spectrum, habitat preferences and sclerotial floating ability. Our study supports and complements the newly proposed species delimitation of the C. In contrast to G1, indole-diterpenes were consistently present in G2 and G4. Its indole-diterpene profile resembled G2, while its ergot alkaloid profile differed from G2 in high amounts of ergosedmam. nov, was predominantly found in very wet habitats on Molinia caerulea and infrequently in saline habitats on Leymus arenarius. G4, which was apparently con-specific with the recently described C. Molecular results, supported by chemical and ecological data, revealed one new genetic group (G4) in addition to two of the three known G1 ( C. Approximately 600 sclerotia from 14 different grass species were subjected to various analyses including DNA sequencing and HPLC-MS. purpurea sensu lato in Norway, 2) characterize the associated indole alkaloid profiles, and 3) explore relationships between genetics, alkaloid chemistry and ecology. We aimed to 1) analyze genetic variation of C. It constitutes several genetic groups with divergent habitat preferences that recently were delimited into separate proposed species. The grass parasitic fungus Claviceps purpurea sensu lato produces sclerotia with toxic indole alkaloids.
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